FM / ustring

/usr/share/doc/libicu-devel/samples/ustring/

/usr/share/doc/libicu-devel/samples/ustring

Name	Size	Mode	Actions
Makefile	589	0644	edit dl rm
readme.txt	2165	0644	edit dl rm
ustring.cpp	24277	0644	edit dl rm
ustring.sln	1204	0644	edit dl rm
ustring.vcxproj	9256	0644	edit dl rm
ustring.vcxproj.filters	882	0644	edit dl rm

Edit: /usr/share/doc/libicu-devel/samples/ustring/ustring.cpp (24277B)

/*
*******************************************************************************
*
*   © 2016 and later: Unicode, Inc. and others.
*   License & terms of use: http://www.unicode.org/copyright.html#License
*
*******************************************************************************
*******************************************************************************
*
*   Copyright (C) 2000-2014, International Business Machines
*   Corporation and others.  All Rights Reserved.
*
*******************************************************************************
*   file name:  ustring.c
*   encoding:   UTF-8
*   tab size:   8 (not used)
*   indentation:4
*
*   created on: 2000aug15
*   created by: Markus W. Scherer
*
*   This file contains sample code that illustrates the use of Unicode strings
*   with ICU.
*/

#define __STDC_FORMAT_MACROS 1
#include <inttypes.h>

#include <stdio.h>
#include "unicode/utypes.h"
#include "unicode/uchar.h"
#include "unicode/locid.h"
#include "unicode/ustring.h"
#include "unicode/ucnv.h"
#include "unicode/unistr.h"

using namespace icu;

#ifndef UPRV_LENGTHOF
#define UPRV_LENGTHOF(array) (int32_t)(sizeof(array)/sizeof((array)[0]))
#endif

// helper functions -------------------------------------------------------- ***

// default converter for the platform encoding
static UConverter *cnv=NULL;

static void
printUString(const char *announce, const UChar *s, int32_t length) {
    static char out[200];
    UChar32 c;
    int32_t i;
    UErrorCode errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;

/*
     * Convert to the "platform encoding". See notes in printUnicodeString().
     * ucnv_fromUChars(), like most ICU APIs understands length==-1
     * to mean that the string is NUL-terminated.
     */
    ucnv_fromUChars(cnv, out, sizeof(out), s, length, &errorCode);
    if(U_FAILURE(errorCode) || errorCode==U_STRING_NOT_TERMINATED_WARNING) {
        printf("%sproblem converting string from Unicode: %s\n", announce, u_errorName(errorCode));
        return;
    }

printf("%s%s {", announce, out);

/* output the code points (not code units) */
 if(length>=0) {
 /* s is not NUL-terminated */
 for(i=0; i<length; /* U16_NEXT post-increments */) {
 U16_NEXT(s, i, length, c);
 printf(" %04x", c);
 }
 } else {
 /* s is NUL-terminated */
 for(i=0; /* condition in loop body */; /* U16_NEXT post-increments */) {
 U16_NEXT(s, i, length, c);
 if(c==0) {
 break;
 }
 printf(" %04x", c);
 }
 }
 printf(" }\n");
}

static void
printUnicodeString(const char *announce, const UnicodeString &s) {
    static char out[200];
    int32_t i, length;

// output the string, converted to the platform encoding

// Note for Windows: The "platform encoding" defaults to the "ANSI codepage",
    // which is different from the "OEM codepage" in the console window.
    // However, if you pipe the output into a file and look at it with Notepad
    // or similar, then "ANSI" characters will show correctly.
    // Production code should be aware of what encoding is required,
    // and use a UConverter or at least a charset name explicitly.
    out[s.extract(0, 99, out)]=0;
    printf("%s%s {", announce, out);

// output the code units (not code points)
 length=s.length();
 for(i=0; i<length; ++i) {
 printf(" %04x", s.charAt(i));
 }
 printf(" }\n");
}

// sample code for utf.h macros -------------------------------------------- ***

static void
demo_utf_h_macros() {
    static UChar input[]={ 0x0061, 0xd800, 0xdc00, 0xdbff, 0xdfff, 0x0062 };
    UChar32 c;
    int32_t i;
    UBool isError;

printf("\n* demo_utf_h_macros() -------------- ***\n\n");

printUString("iterate forward through: ", input, UPRV_LENGTHOF(input));
 for(i=0; i<UPRV_LENGTHOF(input); /* U16_NEXT post-increments */) {
 /* Iterating forwards 
 Codepoint at offset 0: U+0061
 Codepoint at offset 1: U+10000
 Codepoint at offset 3: U+10ffff
 Codepoint at offset 5: U+0062
 */
 printf("Codepoint at offset %d: U+", i);
 U16_NEXT(input, i, UPRV_LENGTHOF(input), c);
 printf("%04x\n", c); 
 }

puts("");

isError=FALSE;
    i=1; /* write position, gets post-incremented so needs to be in an l-value */
    U16_APPEND(input, i, UPRV_LENGTHOF(input), 0x0062, isError);

printUString("iterate backward through: ", input, UPRV_LENGTHOF(input));
    for(i=UPRV_LENGTHOF(input); i>0; /* U16_PREV pre-decrements */) {
        U16_PREV(input, 0, i, c);
        /* Iterating backwards
           Codepoint at offset 5: U+0062
           Codepoint at offset 3: U+10ffff
           Codepoint at offset 2: U+dc00 -- unpaired surrogate because lead surr. overwritten
           Codepoint at offset 1: U+0062 -- by this BMP code point
           Codepoint at offset 0: U+0061
        */
        printf("Codepoint at offset %d: U+%04x\n", i, c);
    }
}

// sample code for Unicode strings in C ------------------------------------ ***

static void demo_C_Unicode_strings() {
    printf("\n* demo_C_Unicode_strings() --------- ***\n\n");

static const UChar text[]={ 0x41, 0x42, 0x43, 0 };          /* "ABC" */
    static const UChar appendText[]={ 0x61, 0x62, 0x63, 0 };    /* "abc" */
    static const UChar cmpText[]={ 0x61, 0x53, 0x73, 0x43, 0 }; /* "aSsC" */
    UChar buffer[32];
    int32_t compare;
    int32_t length=u_strlen(text); /* length=3 */

/* simple ANSI C-style functions */
    buffer[0]=0;                    /* empty, NUL-terminated string */
    u_strncat(buffer, text, 1);     /* append just n=1 character ('A') */
    u_strcat(buffer, appendText);   /* buffer=="Aabc" */
    length=u_strlen(buffer);        /* length=4 */
    printUString("should be \"Aabc\": ", buffer, -1);

/* bitwise comparing buffer with text */
 compare=u_strcmp(buffer, text);
 if(compare<=0) {
 printf("String comparison error, expected \"Aabc\" > \"ABC\"\n");
 }

/* Build "A<sharp s>C" in the buffer... */
 u_strcpy(buffer, text);
 buffer[1]=0xdf; /* sharp s, case-compares equal to "ss" */
 printUString("should be \"A<sharp s>C\": ", buffer, -1);

/* Compare two strings case-insensitively using full case folding */
    compare=u_strcasecmp(buffer, cmpText, U_FOLD_CASE_DEFAULT);
    if(compare!=0) {
        printf("String case insensitive comparison error, expected \"AbC\" to be equal to \"ABC\"\n");
    }
}

// sample code for case mappings with C APIs -------------------------------- ***

static void demoCaseMapInC() {
 /*
 * input=
 * "aB<capital sigma>"
 * "iI<capital dotted I> "
 * "<sharp s> "
 * "<capital sigma>"
 */
 static const UChar input[]={
 0x61, 0x42, 0x3a3,
 0x69, 0x49, 0x131, 0x130, 0x20,
 0xdf, 0x20, 0xfb03,
 0x3c2, 0x3c3, 0x3a3, 0
 };
 UChar buffer[32];

UErrorCode errorCode;
    UChar32 c;
    int32_t i, j, length;
    UBool isError;

printf("\n* demoCaseMapInC() ----------------- ***\n\n");

/*
     * First, use simple case mapping functions which provide
     * 1:1 code point mappings without context/locale ID.
     *
     * Note that some mappings will not be "right" because some "real"
     * case mappings require context, depend on the locale ID,
     * and/or result in a change in the number of code points.
     */
    printUString("input string: ", input, -1);

/* uppercase */
 isError=FALSE;
 for(i=j=0; j<UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer) && !isError; /* U16_NEXT post-increments */) {
 U16_NEXT(input, i, INT32_MAX, c); /* without length because NUL-terminated */
 if(c==0) {
 break; /* stop at terminating NUL, no need to terminate buffer */
 }
 c=u_toupper(c);
 U16_APPEND(buffer, j, UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer), c, isError);
 }
 printUString("simple-uppercased: ", buffer, j);
 /* lowercase */
 isError=FALSE;
 for(i=j=0; j<UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer) && !isError; /* U16_NEXT post-increments */) {
 U16_NEXT(input, i, INT32_MAX, c); /* without length because NUL-terminated */
 if(c==0) {
 break; /* stop at terminating NUL, no need to terminate buffer */
 }
 c=u_tolower(c);
 U16_APPEND(buffer, j, UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer), c, isError);
 }
 printUString("simple-lowercased: ", buffer, j);
 /* titlecase */
 isError=FALSE;
 for(i=j=0; j<UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer) && !isError; /* U16_NEXT post-increments */) {
 U16_NEXT(input, i, INT32_MAX, c); /* without length because NUL-terminated */
 if(c==0) {
 break; /* stop at terminating NUL, no need to terminate buffer */
 }
 c=u_totitle(c);
 U16_APPEND(buffer, j, UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer), c, isError);
 }
 printUString("simple-titlecased: ", buffer, j);
 /* case-fold/default */
 isError=FALSE;
 for(i=j=0; j<UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer) && !isError; /* U16_NEXT post-increments */) {
 U16_NEXT(input, i, INT32_MAX, c); /* without length because NUL-terminated */
 if(c==0) {
 break; /* stop at terminating NUL, no need to terminate buffer */
 }
 c=u_foldCase(c, U_FOLD_CASE_DEFAULT);
 U16_APPEND(buffer, j, UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer), c, isError);
 }
 printUString("simple-case-folded/default: ", buffer, j);
 /* case-fold/Turkic */
 isError=FALSE;
 for(i=j=0; j<UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer) && !isError; /* U16_NEXT post-increments */) {
 U16_NEXT(input, i, INT32_MAX, c); /* without length because NUL-terminated */
 if(c==0) {
 break; /* stop at terminating NUL, no need to terminate buffer */
 }
 c=u_foldCase(c, U_FOLD_CASE_EXCLUDE_SPECIAL_I);
 U16_APPEND(buffer, j, UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer), c, isError);
 }
 printUString("simple-case-folded/Turkic: ", buffer, j);

/*
     * Second, use full case mapping functions which provide
     * 1:n code point mappings (n can be 0!) and are sensitive to context and locale ID.
     *
     * Note that lower/upper/titlecasing take a locale ID while case-folding
     * has bit flag options instead, by design of the Unicode SpecialCasing.txt UCD file.
     *
     * Also, string titlecasing requires a BreakIterator to find starts of words.
     * The sample code here passes in a NULL pointer; u_strToTitle() will open and close a default
     * titlecasing BreakIterator automatically.
     * For production code where many strings are titlecased it would be more efficient
     * to open a BreakIterator externally and pass it in.
     */
    printUString("\ninput string: ", input, -1);

/* lowercase/English */
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=u_strToLower(buffer, UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer), input, -1, "en", &errorCode);
    if(U_SUCCESS(errorCode)) {
        printUString("full-lowercased/en: ", buffer, length);
    } else {
        printf("error in u_strToLower(en)=%" PRId32 " error=%s\n", length, u_errorName(errorCode));
    }
    /* lowercase/Turkish */
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=u_strToLower(buffer, UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer), input, -1, "tr", &errorCode);
    if(U_SUCCESS(errorCode)) {
        printUString("full-lowercased/tr: ", buffer, length);
    } else {
        printf("error in u_strToLower(tr)=%" PRId32 " error=%s\n", length, u_errorName(errorCode));
    }
    /* uppercase/English */
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=u_strToUpper(buffer, UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer), input, -1, "en", &errorCode);
    if(U_SUCCESS(errorCode)) {
        printUString("full-uppercased/en: ", buffer, length);
    } else {
        printf("error in u_strToUpper(en)=%" PRId32 " error=%s\n", length, u_errorName(errorCode));
    }
    /* uppercase/Turkish */
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=u_strToUpper(buffer, UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer), input, -1, "tr", &errorCode);
    if(U_SUCCESS(errorCode)) {
        printUString("full-uppercased/tr: ", buffer, length);
    } else {
        printf("error in u_strToUpper(tr)=%" PRId32 " error=%s\n", length, u_errorName(errorCode));
    }
    /* titlecase/English */
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=u_strToTitle(buffer, UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer), input, -1, NULL, "en", &errorCode);
    if(U_SUCCESS(errorCode)) {
        printUString("full-titlecased/en: ", buffer, length);
    } else {
        printf("error in u_strToTitle(en)=%" PRId32 " error=%s\n", length, u_errorName(errorCode));
    }
    /* titlecase/Turkish */
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=u_strToTitle(buffer, UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer), input, -1, NULL, "tr", &errorCode);
    if(U_SUCCESS(errorCode)) {
        printUString("full-titlecased/tr: ", buffer, length);
    } else {
        printf("error in u_strToTitle(tr)=%" PRId32 " error=%s\n", length, u_errorName(errorCode));
    }
    /* case-fold/default */
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=u_strFoldCase(buffer, UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer), input, -1, U_FOLD_CASE_DEFAULT, &errorCode);
    if(U_SUCCESS(errorCode)) {
        printUString("full-case-folded/default: ", buffer, length);
    } else {
        printf("error in u_strFoldCase(default)=%" PRId32 " error=%s\n", length, u_errorName(errorCode));
    }
    /* case-fold/Turkic */
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=u_strFoldCase(buffer, UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer), input, -1, U_FOLD_CASE_EXCLUDE_SPECIAL_I, &errorCode);
    if(U_SUCCESS(errorCode)) {
        printUString("full-case-folded/Turkic: ", buffer, length);
    } else {
        printf("error in u_strFoldCase(Turkic)=%" PRId32 " error=%s\n", length, u_errorName(errorCode));
    }
}

// sample code for case mappings with C++ APIs ------------------------------ ***

static void demoCaseMapInCPlusPlus() {
 /*
 * input=
 * "aB<capital sigma>"
 * "iI<capital dotted I> "
 * "<sharp s> "
 * "<capital sigma>"
 */
 static const UChar input[]={
 0x61, 0x42, 0x3a3,
 0x69, 0x49, 0x131, 0x130, 0x20,
 0xdf, 0x20, 0xfb03,
 0x3c2, 0x3c3, 0x3a3, 0
 };

printf("\n* demoCaseMapInCPlusPlus() --------- ***\n\n");

UnicodeString s(input), t;
    const Locale &en=Locale::getEnglish();
    Locale tr("tr");

/*
     * Full case mappings as in demoCaseMapInC(), using UnicodeString functions.
     * These functions modify the string object itself.
     * Since we want to keep the input string around, we copy it each time
     * and case-map the copy.
     */
    printUnicodeString("input string: ", s);

/* lowercase/English */
    printUnicodeString("full-lowercased/en: ", (t=s).toLower(en));
    /* lowercase/Turkish */
    printUnicodeString("full-lowercased/tr: ", (t=s).toLower(tr));
    /* uppercase/English */
    printUnicodeString("full-uppercased/en: ", (t=s).toUpper(en));
    /* uppercase/Turkish */
    printUnicodeString("full-uppercased/tr: ", (t=s).toUpper(tr));
    /* titlecase/English */
    printUnicodeString("full-titlecased/en: ", (t=s).toTitle(NULL, en));
    /* titlecase/Turkish */
    printUnicodeString("full-titlecased/tr: ", (t=s).toTitle(NULL, tr));
    /* case-folde/default */
    printUnicodeString("full-case-folded/default: ", (t=s).foldCase(U_FOLD_CASE_DEFAULT));
    /* case-folde/Turkic */
    printUnicodeString("full-case-folded/Turkic: ", (t=s).foldCase(U_FOLD_CASE_EXCLUDE_SPECIAL_I));
}

// sample code for UnicodeString storage models ----------------------------- ***

static const UChar readonly[]={
    0x61, 0x31, 0x20ac
};
static UChar writeable[]={
    0x62, 0x32, 0xdbc0, 0xdc01 // includes a surrogate pair for a supplementary code point
};
static char out[100];

static void
demoUnicodeStringStorage() {
    // These sample code lines illustrate how to use UnicodeString, and the
    // comments tell what happens internally. There are no APIs to observe
    // most of this programmatically, except for stepping into the code
    // with a debugger.
    // This is by design to hide such details from the user.
    int32_t i;

printf("\n* demoUnicodeStringStorage() ------- ***\n\n");

// * UnicodeString with internally stored contents
    // instantiate a UnicodeString from a single code point
    // the few (2) UChars will be stored in the object itself
    UnicodeString one((UChar32)0x24001);
    // this copies the few UChars into the "two" object
    UnicodeString two=one;
    printf("length of short string copy: %d\n", two.length());
    // set "one" to contain the 3 UChars from readonly
    // this setTo() variant copies the characters
    one.setTo(readonly, UPRV_LENGTHOF(readonly));

// * UnicodeString with allocated contents
    // build a longer string that will not fit into the object's buffer
    one+=UnicodeString(writeable, UPRV_LENGTHOF(writeable));
    one+=one;
    one+=one;
    printf("length of longer string: %d\n", one.length());
    // copying will use the same allocated buffer and increment the reference
    // counter
    two=one;
    printf("length of longer string copy: %d\n", two.length());

// * UnicodeString using readonly-alias to a const UChar array
 // construct a string that aliases a readonly buffer
 UnicodeString three(FALSE, readonly, UPRV_LENGTHOF(readonly));
 printUnicodeString("readonly-alias string: ", three);
 // copy-on-write: any modification to the string results in
 // a copy to either the internal buffer or to a newly allocated one
 three.setCharAt(1, 0x39);
 printUnicodeString("readonly-aliasing string after modification: ", three);
 // the aliased array is not modified
 for(i=0; i<three.length(); ++i) {
 printf("readonly buffer[%d] after modifying its string: 0x%" PRId32 "\n",
 i, readonly[i]);
 }
 // setTo() readonly alias
 one.setTo(FALSE, writeable, UPRV_LENGTHOF(writeable));
 // copying the readonly-alias object with fastCopyFrom() (new in ICU 2.4)
 // will readonly-alias the same buffer
 two.fastCopyFrom(one);
 printUnicodeString("fastCopyFrom(readonly alias of \"writeable\" array): ", two);
 printf("verify that a fastCopyFrom(readonly alias) uses the same buffer pointer: %d (should be 1)\n",
 one.getBuffer()==two.getBuffer());
 // a normal assignment will clone the contents (new in ICU 2.4)
 two=one;
 printf("verify that a regular copy of a readonly alias uses a different buffer pointer: %d (should be 0)\n",
 one.getBuffer()==two.getBuffer());

// * UnicodeString using writeable-alias to a non-const UChar array
 UnicodeString four(writeable, UPRV_LENGTHOF(writeable), UPRV_LENGTHOF(writeable));
 printUnicodeString("writeable-alias string: ", four);
 // a modification writes through to the buffer
 four.setCharAt(1, 0x39);
 for(i=0; i<four.length(); ++i) {
 printf("writeable-alias backing buffer[%d]=0x%" PRId32 " "
 "after modification\n", i, writeable[i]);
 }
 // a copy will not alias any more;
 // instead, it will get a copy of the contents into allocated memory
 two=four;
 two.setCharAt(1, 0x21);
 for(i=0; i<two.length(); ++i) {
 printf("writeable-alias backing buffer[%d]=0x%" PRId32 " after "
 "modification of string copy\n", i, writeable[i]);
 }
 // setTo() writeable alias, capacity==length
 one.setTo(writeable, UPRV_LENGTHOF(writeable), UPRV_LENGTHOF(writeable));
 // grow the string - it will not fit into the backing buffer any more
 // and will get copied before modification
 one.append((UChar)0x40);
 // shrink it back so it would fit
 one.truncate(one.length()-1);
 // we still operate on the copy
 one.setCharAt(1, 0x25);
 printf("string after growing too much and then shrinking[1]=0x%" PRId32 "\n"
 " backing store for this[1]=0x%" PRId32 "\n",
 one.charAt(1), writeable[1]);
 // if we need it in the original buffer, then extract() to it
 // extract() does not do anything if the string aliases that same buffer
 // i=min(one.length(), length of array)
 if(one.length()<UPRV_LENGTHOF(writeable)) {
 i=one.length();
 } else {
 i=UPRV_LENGTHOF(writeable);
 }
 one.extract(0, i, writeable);
 for(i=0; i<UPRV_LENGTHOF(writeable); ++i) {
 printf("writeable-alias backing buffer[%d]=0x%" PRId32 " after re-extract\n",
 i, writeable[i]);
 }
}

// sample code for UnicodeString instantiations ----------------------------- ***

static void
demoUnicodeStringInit() {
    // *** Make sure to read about invariant characters in utypes.h! ***
    // Initialization of Unicode strings from C literals works _only_ for
    // invariant characters!

printf("\n* demoUnicodeStringInit() ---------- ***\n\n");

// the string literal is 32 chars long - this must be counted for the macro
    UnicodeString invariantOnly=UNICODE_STRING("such characters are safe 123 %-.", 32);

/*
     * In C, we need two macros: one to declare the UChar[] array, and
     * one to populate it; the second one is a noop on platforms where
     * wchar_t is compatible with UChar and ASCII-based.
     * The length of the string literal must be counted for both macros.
     */
    /* declare the invString array for the string */
    U_STRING_DECL(invString, "such characters are safe 123 %-.", 32);
    /* populate it with the characters */
    U_STRING_INIT(invString, "such characters are safe 123 %-.", 32);

// compare the C and C++ strings
    printf("C and C++ Unicode strings are equal: %d\n", invariantOnly==UnicodeString(TRUE, invString, 32));

/*
     * convert between char * and UChar * strings that
     * contain only invariant characters
     */
    static const char *cs1="such characters are safe 123 %-.";
    static UChar us1[40];
    static char cs2[40];
    u_charsToUChars(cs1, us1, 33); /* include the terminating NUL */
    u_UCharsToChars(us1, cs2, 33);
    printf("char * -> UChar * -> char * with only "
           "invariant characters: \"%s\"\n",
           cs2);

// initialize a UnicodeString from a string literal that contains
    // escape sequences written with invariant characters
    // do not forget to duplicate the backslashes for ICU to see them
    // then, count each double backslash only once!
    UnicodeString german=UNICODE_STRING(
        "Sch\\u00f6nes Auto: \\u20ac 11240.\\fPrivates Zeichen: \\U00102345\\n", 64).
        unescape();
    printUnicodeString("german UnicodeString from unescaping:\n    ", german);

/*
     * C: convert and unescape a char * string with only invariant
     * characters to fill a UChar * string
     */
    UChar buffer[200];
    int32_t length;
    length=u_unescape(
        "Sch\\u00f6nes Auto: \\u20ac 11240.\\fPrivates Zeichen: \\U00102345\\n",
        buffer, UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer));
    printf("german C Unicode string from char * unescaping: (length %d)\n    ", length);
    printUnicodeString("", UnicodeString(buffer));
}

extern int
main(int argc, const char *argv[]) {
    UErrorCode errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;

// Note: Using a global variable for any object is not exactly thread-safe...

// You can change this call to e.g. ucnv_open("UTF-8", &errorCode) if you pipe
    // the output to a file and look at it with a Unicode-capable editor.
    // This will currently affect only the printUString() function, see the code above.
    // printUnicodeString() could use this, too, by changing to an extract() overload
    // that takes a UConverter argument.
    cnv=ucnv_open(NULL, &errorCode);
    if(U_FAILURE(errorCode)) {
        fprintf(stderr, "error %s opening the default converter\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
        return errorCode;
    }

ucnv_setFromUCallBack(cnv, UCNV_FROM_U_CALLBACK_ESCAPE, UCNV_ESCAPE_C, NULL, NULL, &errorCode);
    if(U_FAILURE(errorCode)) {
        fprintf(stderr, "error %s setting the escape callback in the default converter\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
        ucnv_close(cnv);
        return errorCode;
    }

demo_utf_h_macros();
    demo_C_Unicode_strings();
    demoCaseMapInC();
    demoCaseMapInCPlusPlus();
    demoUnicodeStringStorage();
    demoUnicodeStringInit();

ucnv_close(cnv);
    return 0;
}

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